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Biology - introduction and its branches

BIOLOGY Definition: It is the study of living things and their vital processes. The word "biology" is derived from the Greek words "bios" (meaning life) and "logos" (meaning "study").  In general, biologists study the structure, function, growth, origin, evolution and distribution of living organisms. The field deals with all the physicochemical aspects of life . The modern tendency toward cross-disciplinary research and the unification of scientific knowledge and investigation from different fields has resulted in significant overlap of the field of biology with other scientific disciplines . Modern principles of other fields— chemistry , medicine , and physics , for example—are integrated with those of biology in areas such as biochemistry , biomedicine, and biophysics . Biology is divided into separate branches for convenience of study , biology covers a broad range of topics that are broken into many disciplines and sub discipline...
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 . Bus Rajpura to Ambala City (June 26) 40 .
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  Pathology Question BANK 3    TWO MARKS QUESTIONS 1. Define cellular adaptation.   (L1) Cellular adaptation is the reversible change in size, number, or function of cells in response to stress. 2. What is apoptosis?   (L1) Apoptosis is programmed cell death that occurs in a controlled and energy-dependent manner. 3. What is necrosis?   (L1) Necrosis is uncontrolled cell death caused by injury, leading to inflammation. 4.  Define inflammation and mention its two main types briefly. Inflammation is tissue response to injury; types are acute and chronic. 5. Define inflammation.   (L1) Inflammation is the protective response of tissues to injury or infection. 6. Name the cardinal signs of inflammation.   (L1) Redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function. 7.  What is infection and how does it affect body tissues? Infection is invasion of pathogens causing tissue damage and inflammation. 8.  Define immunity and name its two main t...
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Pathology Question Bank 2

   TWO MARKS QUESTIONS 1. Define cellular adaptation.   2. What is apoptosis?   3. What is necrosis?   4. Define inflammation and mention its two main types briefly. 5. Define inflammation.   6. Name the cardinal signs of inflammation.   7. What is infection and how does it affect body tissues? 8.  Define immunity and name its two main types briefly. 9. What is tissue repair? 10. Define infection. 11. What is a gene? 12. Define mutation.   13. What is genetic disorder? 14. Define neoplasm. 15. What is benign tumor?   16. De fine neoplasia and differentiate between benign and malignant tumors . 17. Define cell injury.   18. Name two causes of cell injury.   19. What is reversible cell injury?   20. What is reversible cell injury and how can it be identified? 21. Define atrophy.   22. Define hypertrophy.   23. D efine hyperplasia and differentiate it from hypertrophy briefly. 24. What are premalignant lesions and w...
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Pathology Question Bank

 TWO MARKS QUESTIONS What is cellular adaptation? Cellular adaptation is the reversible structural or functional change in cells in response to physiological or pathological stress. These changes help cells survive in altered environments and maintain normal function. Define inflammation. Inflammation is the protective response of body tissues to injury, infection, or irritation. It involves vascular changes, migration of white blood cells, and release of chemical mediators to eliminate the harmful stimulus. What is neoplasia? Neoplasia refers to uncontrolled and abnormal proliferation of cells resulting in the formation of a tumor or neoplasm. These growths may be benign or malignant depending on their behavior and ability to spread. What is hypertrophy? Hypertrophy is an increase in the size of cells leading to enlargement of the affected organ or tissue. It occurs due to increased functional demand or hormonal stimulation without an increase in cell number. What is atrophy? Atro...
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