HISTOTECHNOLOGY – II & Cytology BMLS 605-18
HISTOTECHNOLOGY – II & Cytology
BMLS 605-18
Theory
Aims and Objectives:
The students will learn about various staining procedures for demonstration of different substances & various cytological investigations. The students will learn about special staining procedures & handling & testing of various cytological specimens.
HISTOPATHOLOGY
https://rajswasthya.nic.in/RHSDP%20Training%20Modules/Lab.%20Tech/Histo/Introduction.pdf
STAINING
https://rajswasthya.nic.in/RHSDP%20Training%20Modules/Lab.%20Tech/Histo/Chapter%206.pdf
HISTOCHEMISTRY
https://www.du.edu.eg/upFilesCenter/exStore/sci/1584370154.pdf
1. Cryostat sectioning, its applications in diagnostic histopathology.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1BPHfo5n_LoDnUWCOW0ZzGEF45jo9fWps/view?usp=sharing
https://www.slideshare.net/Mahmoud19905/frozen-section-and-cryostat
https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/methodsfrozen.html
2. Special Staining Procedures for detection of
a. Connective tissue elements, Trichrome staining, muscle fibers, elastic, reticulin fibres, collagen fibres etc. = Special Stains
b. Metachromatic staining such as toludine blue on frozen sections
c. Principles of metal impregnation techniques.
d. Demonstration and identification of minerals and pigments, removal of pigments/artifacts in tissue sections.
1) Masson Trichrome stain: https://www.slideshare.net/zahoor061/massons-trichrome-stain
2) weigert- van gieson stain:
https://www.slideshare.net/aghara33/special-stain-in-histopathology ( slide no. 41 to 125)
Verhoeff’s solution needs to be fresh each use due to rapid oxidation. Do not over differentiate in the ferric chloride as the dye molecules love this stuff equally as well as they do the tissue molecules they are bound to and will disconnect from the tissue easily. If this happens you will have to start all over. Incubate for a few seconds then rinse quickly and view microscopically looking for the elastic tissue fibers. When they are black and easily differentiated from collagen and other tissue types, stop the process.
Likewise, do not incubate too long in the van Gieson as the picric acid in solution will continue to differentiate out the bound hematoxylin.
3) weigert’s Resorcin Fuchsin: https://webpath.med.utah.edu/HISTHTML/MANUALS/WEIGERTS.PDF
SPECIAL STAINS
https://www.leicabiosystems.com/en-in/knowledge-pathway/special-stains-which-one-why-and-how/
3. Demonstration of Proteins & nucleic acids.
4. Demonstration of Carbohydrates, lipids, fat & fat like substances.
5. Demonstration of bacteria and fungi in tissue section.
6. Tissue requiring special treatment i.e. eye ball, bone marrow, muscle biopsy, under-calcified or uncalcified bones, whole brain, whole lungs including other large organs.
UNIT 6:- DEACLCIFICATION OF BONE, EYE BALL
https://nios.ac.in/media/documents/dmlt/HC/Lesson-17.pdf
STAINS FOR EYE
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3846726/
7. Enzyme histochemistry : Diagnostic applications & demonstration of Phosphatases, Dehydrogenases, Oxidases & Peroxidases.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1p0HIIPXWDeNBqzlY2gluUIMr7yZXm6IH/view?usp=sharing
PRP = Primary Reaction Product, the product of the reaction of an enzyme on a substrate.
FRP = Final Reaction Product, the product of an insoluble uncolored P.R.P. which has been rendered colored or opaque.
8. Vital staining.
https://www.slideshare.net/AnilYadav6/vital-staining-ppt-notes
https://www.peertechzpublications.org/articles/ACP-5-117.pdf
9. Neuropathological techniques.
https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/268450394.pdf
STAINING:
Nissl Staining http://www.ihcworld.com/_protocols/special_stains/nissl.htm
Luxol Fast Blue Stain http://www.ihcworld.com/_protocols/special_stains/fast_blue.htm
Kluver-Barrera Method https://www.emsdiasum.com/microscopy/technical/datasheet/26681.aspx
BODIAN'S METHOD https://webpath.med.utah.edu/HISTHTML/MANUALS/BODIAN.PDF
GLIAL FIBERS https://webpath.med.utah.edu/HISTHTML/MANUALS/HOLZER.PDF
Gallyas Silver Stain https://www.protocolsonline.com/histology/dyes-and-stains/neurohistology/gallyas-silver-stain/
10. Museum techniques.
https://nios.ac.in/media/documents/dmlt/HC/Lesson-20.pdf
https://www.slideshare.net/shashishara/museum-techniques-75256254
11. Aspiration cytology principles, indications & utility of the technique with special emphasis on role of cytotechnologist in FNAC clinics, fluid cytology.
1) https://www.exeterlaboratory.com/cellular-pathology/fine-needle-aspiration-fna-cytology/#:~:text=Principle%20of%20Examination,does%20not%20preserve%20histological%20architecture.
2)FNAC:- https://www.slideshare.net/DRKALPAJYOTI/fine-needle-aspiration-cytology-fnac
3) BODY FLUID:- https://www.slideshare.net/peddanasunilkumar/body-fluids-119314504
12. Exfoliative cytology (Papanicolaou technique for the staining of cervical smears.)
1. https://www.slideshare.net/ShaminJoshi/exfoliative-cytology-64853836
2. https://www.slideshare.net/ImranaTanvir/cytology-exfoliative
13. Introduction and importance of Autoimmune disorders, HLA typing, T & B Cells, ANA, ANCA and TMA
1) https://www.britannica.com/science/autoimmune-disease
2) https://www.slideshare.net/drnisha22/hla-92546736
3) https://www.slideshare.net/debbarma1989/hla-typing-and-its-role-in-tissue-transplantation
4) https://www.slideshare.net/RehnumaKawsar/tcell-45647452
5) https://www.slideshare.net/CarolineKarunya/b-cellimmunology
6) https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/ana-antinuclear-antibody-test/
7) https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/antineutrophil-cytoplasmic-antibodies-anca-test/
TMA:- https://unckidneycenter.org/kidneyhealthlibrary/glomerular-disease/thrombotic-microangiopathy-tma/
14. Cancer immunology.
1) https://www.slideshare.net/MMASSY/tumour-immunology-leture-notes
2) https://www.slideshare.net/hvphitesh/cancer-immunology-41021988
15. Tissue typing for kidney transplant.
1)https://www.gosh.nhs.uk/conditions-and-treatments/procedures-and-treatments/tissue-typing-kidney-donation/#:~:text=Contrary%20to%20what%20it%20sounds,of%20viruses%20from%20the%20body.
2)https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nep.13637
EXTRA
Immunohistochemistry Protocol for Paraffin embedded Tissue Sections VEDIO LINK:-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XMjGZHEG4cY
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